There was a segment on 60 minutes about “face blindness” and how it has affected Chuck Close, an artist famous for his close-up portraits.
Definition of “face blindness” from Wikipedia:
Prosopagnosia (Greek: “prosopon” = “face”, “agnosia” = “not knowing”) is a disorder of face perception where the ability to recognize facesis impaired, while the ability to recognize other objects may be relatively intact. The term originally referred to a condition following acute brain damage, but a congenital form of the disorder has been proposed, which may be inherited by about 2.5% of the population.